Self-preservation of Ethnos: Revisiting the Migration Functions
Topilin A.V.
Dr. Sci. (Econ.), Prof., Chief Researcher, Institute of Socio-Political Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia topilinav@mail.ru
ID of the Article:
Topilin A.V. Self-preservation of Ethnos: Revisiting the Migration Functions. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya [Sociological Studies]. 2019. No 9. P. 127-135
In the article, along with the generally accepted functions of migration, it is proposed to consider a new, additional function, the essence of which is expressed in ensuring self-defense and the development of the ethnic group as a single socio-cultural community. There is shown the role of migration in the settlement of peoples and the development of vast territories. There are revealed the features of ethnic migration and its main forms – refugees, forced migrants, repatriation, deportation. The concept of «ethnic migration potential» (EMF) is defined, which can be used to identify the diversity of relationships in ethnic migration processes, forecasting the stability of the ethnic group in extreme conditions and determine the threshold values of the preservation of the ethnic group integrity as a single ethnosocial mechanism. It is considered the features of the return migration of compatriots, including Russians from former Soviet republics, a program of repatriation of ethnic Kazakhs (oralmans) to their historic homeland, and the problems of ethnic Germans who migrated to Russia in the XVII century under Peter I and Catherine II, the tendency for the movement of the countries-participants of the CIS to the mono-ethnic structure of the population and the consequences of this process. The main directions of migration policy of Russia as a multi-ethnic state are proposed. The key provisions of this policy, based on Russia’s national interests and ensuring its economic security, should be achievement of stable natural growth of the population, including Russians as a state-forming people, the preservation of the status of a multinational state.
Acemoglu D., Robinson J.A. (2015) Why Nations Fail: The Origins of Power, Prosperity, and Poverty. Moscow: Sberbank. (In Russ.)
Commonwealth of Independent States in 2018: Statistical Abstract. (2019) Moscow: Statistical Committee of CIS.
International Migration Outlook 2017. (2017) Paris: OECD Publishing.
Khorev B.S., Moiseenko V.M. (eds) (1974) Migration Mobility of Population in the USSR. Moscow: Statistika. (In Russ.)
Malinin E.D., Ushakov A.K. (1976) The Population of Siberia. Moscow: Statistika. (In Russ.)
Maykov A.Z. (ed.) (1973) Population Movement in RSFSR. Moscow: Statistika. (In Russ.)
Minkov M. (1972) Population Movement. Sofia: Partizdat. (In Russ.)
Mukomel V.I. (2001) Migration Potential and Prospects of Migration of the Compatriots from the CIS and Baltic States. Etnologiya [Ethnology]. No. 3: 47–56 (In Russ.)
Panarin S. (1998) Central Asia: Ethnic Migration and Political Actors Influencing the Migration Situation. Current Ethnopolitical Processes and Migration Situation in Central Asia. Moscow: Moskovskij Tsentr Karnegi (In Russ.).
Polyan P. (2013) Against one’s will... History and Geography of Forced Migration in the USSR. In: Migration in Russia: 2000–2012. In 3 vols. Vol. 1. P. 3. M.: Spetskniga: 760–800 (In Russ.)
Ryazantsev S.V. (2001) Impact of Migration on the Social and Economic Development of Europe: Current Trends. Stavropol': Knizhnoe izdatel'stvo. (In Russ.)
Ryazantsev S.V., Grebenyuk A.A. (2014) «Ours» Abroad. Russians, Russian People, Russian Speakers, Compatriots: Resettlement, Integration, and Return Migration to Russia. Moscow: ISPI RAN. (In Russ.)
Rybakovsky L.L. (ed.) (2003) Demographic Concept Dictionary. Moscow: TsSP. (In Russ.)
Rybakovsky L.L. (2017) History and Theory of Migration. Book 2: Migration: Phenomenon, Concept, Determinants. Moscow: Econ-Inform. (In Russ.)
Rybakovsky L.L. (1996) Migration Potential of the Russian Population in New-abroad Countries. M.: ISPI RAN; Demografiya. (In Russ.)
Tkachenko A. et al. (eds) (2013) Demographic Encyclopedia. Moscow: Izdatel’skij dom «Entsyklopediya». (In Russ.)
Topilin A.V. (1993) Inter-republic Migration and Ethnic Processes. In: Rybakovsky L.L. (ed.) Current Russia Population Movement. Moscow: ISPI RAN: 21–31 (In Russ.)
Tsapenko I. (2016) Economic Resources of Ethnocultural Diversity. Mirovaya ekonomika i mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya [World Economy and International Relations]. Vol. 60. No. 11: 35–46 (In Russ.)
Vechkanov G.S. (1981) Labour Migration in the USSR. Political and Economic Aspect. Leningrad: Izd-vo LGU. (In Russ.).
Vitkovskaya G.S. (1993) Forced Migration: Problems and Prospects. Moscow: INP RAN. (In Russ.).
Vorobyova O.D., Rybakovsky L.L. Rybakovsky O.L. (2016) Migration Policy of Russia: History and Modernity. Moscow: Econ-Inform. (In Russ.).
Yudina T.N. (2007) Migration: a Glossary of Key Terms. Moscow: Izdatel’stvo RGSU; Akademicheskiy proekt. (In Russ.)
Zaslavskaya T.I. (ed.) (1969) Rural Migration: Goals, Objectives, and Research Methods. Novosibirsk: Izd-vo IEiOPP SO AN SSSR. (In Russ.)
Zaslavskaya T.I., Ribakovski L.L. (1978) Migration Functions and Their Regulation in Socialist Society. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya [Sociological Studies]. No. 1: 56–66. (In Russ.)