The article is an analytical discussion of the theoretical and methodological concepts presented in the book: Chernysh M. F. «Instrument of mass survey: logic and practice of construction» (2024). The logic of reasoning is based on the analysis of the validity of the author’s correlation of three levels of sociology: macro‑ theoretical (civilizational), middle‑ level theory (institutional), and empirical and methodological (applied research) as three conditionally autonomous interdependent parts of the organically unified process of sociological epistemology. In the book, in an analytical and critical style, with extensive use of materials from foreign and Russian experimental verifications of the validity of theoretical paradigms, formal‑ logical concepts and methodological techniques, the state of methodology is assessed, and the level of correctness of methodological techniques of applied sociological research is summarized. The breadth of the book’s coverage of logical and cognitive problems of sociology is a fruitful basis for constructive scientific discussions in the field of sociology theory and useful methodological experience for improving the quality of applied sociological research.