The paper discusses general condition and main features of modernization in the Far Eastern Federal District, its pace and types of dynamics, basing on the analysis of Russian Federal State Statistics Service data and indices calculated by the Center for Study of Socio-cultural Change (CSSC) of the Institute of Philosophy, RAS. Special attention is paid to socio-economic and socio-cultural components of modernization through analysis of the data of social research available for this macro-region. The study is performed in accordance with methodology of the research project of the CSSC, “Social and cultural modernization and consolidation of regional communities” (project’s director is RAS corresponding member N.I. Lapin).