The paper aimes at assessing secular and religious orientations of Russian citizens, in particular at the problem of ethnic confessional identity and theoretical approaches to studying it. Results of sociological research in Bashkortostan permitted to analyze attitudes towards establishing religious political parties and strengthening religions’ influences on the State. Interconfessional tension risks are discussed as well as clerical values in the context of Russian society consolidation, of political religious orientations of Muslims and Orthodox believers and Contents. Summaries 175 bases for interconfessional trust between them. Particular attention is paid to younger people perception of state-religion relations.