The authors have attempted to identify a number of objective and subjective factors impeding the effective integration of information and communication technologies into the Russian healthcare. Objective factors include low technical equipment of health facilities, staff of doctors, low level of health care. Subjective factors are determined by issues such as distrust of doctors and patients towards e-health, low professional activity of doctors on the Internet, focus on technocratism to the detriment of the humanization. Survey of medical students (n = 315) and practitioners (n = 368), as well as semi-formalized interviews with physicians (n = 13) showed a low willingness of professionals to use the potential of ICT in health care. The desire to use the resources and technology of the Internet to improve the quality and accessibility of health care is more visible among medical students, rather than practicing physicians.