An unspent resource for productive development of the Russian sociological theory is active use of achievements of domestic neurophysiology and philosophical anthropology in the interpretation of the relationship of brain, mind and human behavior. The article was written by a philosopher-anthropologist and a psychiatrist-narcologist. They – from the standpoint of biological evolution of the brain and of the historical development of intelligence – investigated mental health problems of society in information and computer age as the subject and object of contemporary sociology. The results can be valuable for planning, conducting and interpretation of opinion polls.