The article is devoted to analysis of the settling processes in the Asian regions of Russia in the last hundred years. It presents criteria characterizing success of these processes in Siberia and the Far East, the dynamics of change in the relative density of these regions in the population of Russia, both in the Soviet and post-Soviet years. Between 1926–1989 years the share of Asian Russia population, including the Tyumen region, increased from 12.5 to 21.8%. The paper shows that the reduction of this share in modern Russia evidences a change in the age-old vector of the country’s demographic development. In the second part of the paper, it is proposed to use the genetic structure of the population as a criterion for assessing its stability level. Based on information from a number of censuses and surveys, the distribution of the population of Siberia and the Far East into local natives and former migrants is presented, and the latter into new settlers and old-timers. As a result, the assessment of the level of stability of the Asian regions population of Russia is given. It is concluded that in the vast majority of regions of this part of the country the process of forming permanent population has been completed.