The article presents the author’s reflections on the monograph “Rent society: in the shadow of labor, capital and democracy”. The factors and conditions of the transition from the welfare state and the society of mass labor to the rental type of society are considered. The main reasons for this transformation are the depletion of resources on a global scale and the technological replacement of humans, which leads to the growth of social groups living on various forms of rent (benefits, AML, additional payments, etc.), while the production of wealth involves fewer and fewer people. Two possible scenarios for the further development of a rental society are analyzed: negative, associated with the deepening and globalization of rental processes and leading to “neoliberal feudalism”, a society without mass labor and economic growth, but with a hierarchy of estate-rent groups, between which the state distributes rents by non-economic methods and privilege; and positive, associated with the development of science, personality, socialization of society, the formation of a new type of economy, the formation of harmonious solidarity.