printScientific Schools in the Views of Scientists
Popova I.P.
Cand. Sci. (Sociol.), Leading Researcher, Institute of Sociology of FCTAS RAS, Moscow, Russia irina_popova@list.ru
Popova I.P. Scientific Schools in the Views of Scientists. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya [Sociological Studies]. 2023. No 12. P. 32-43
Scientific schools are actively supported in Russian scientific policy. At the same time, they are evaluated inconsistently: on the one hand, they are considered as a tool of self-organization in science, collective production of scientific knowledge and career formation of young scientists, and on the other – as a possible factor for unfair distortions of the real picture of the state of the branches of science. The article examines the role of scientific schools in the professional biography of scientists in their representations. The article analyzes interviews with scientists of natural sciences working in Russian and foreign scientific organizations, during which the attitude to the scientific school was reflected. Conclusions are drawn about the widespread understanding of the scientific school as a scientific direction at the Russian or international level, the foundation of which is laid in the university. It is identified as a scientific school through the way of thinking, values, ethical principles, the names of the most authoritative scientific figures of the past, informal scientific leadership. Critical assessments of this institute are associated with fears of distortion of the criteria of scientific activity. They are explained by its inconsistency with the new context, including in a comparative perspective indicating the demand for its transformation.
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