The article questions traditional understanding of tolerance, which requires a positive attitude towards another ethno as traditional understanding underlying the politics of multiculturalism. This hypothesis suggests that the cause of multiculturalism failures is an attempt to eclectically link ideas of social integration of classical models coming from American sociology. Causes of their psycho-social groundlessness are considered in terms of sustainable social communication establishment aimed at conflict-free coexistence of different cultural groups. The principle of dissonant tolerance determining logic of ethno-social development alternative to multiculturalism has been substantiated and implications for education area have been discussed. The tasks for dissonance approach in ethno-sociology are formulated.