printTemporal semantic distanciation in the field of social cohesion (an analysis of social networks)
Yarskaya-Smirnova V.N.
Dr. Sci. (Philos), Prof., Director, Scientific and educational regional center for monitoring research of Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Saratov, Russia. yarskayasmirnovavn@sstu.ru
Yarskaya-Smirnova V.N. Temporal semantic distanciation in the field of social cohesion (an analysis of social networks). Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya [Sociological Studies]. 2017. No 1. P. 14-24
The article reveals the content of the social cohesion concept through temporal and the network approach presented as original experience of the distanciation between social groups. It articulates methodological approach to the application of quantitative and qualitative strategies of social cohesion researching, develops conceptual device of the category of cohesion, based on a relationship with semantically close concepts of equality, integration, temporality, trust, solidarity. The author presents main results of a series of studies of factors that shape regional model of social cohesion. The author’s idea is aimed at identifying formation of a higher level of social justice, mitigation of social inequalities in the temporal context. Direct application of the temporal approach is argued for not only as relevant research tool and acute practical issue, but also as a revision of the static analysis of the graph structure in favor of dynamical categories of cohesion – in the context of the intensity of intra-group interactions. Current trend to the formation of a new type of social communities, social identity, involvement is stated. According to author, the concept of distanciation allows to conceptualize phenomenon of institutional order: a social system links participants of interaction regardless of distance from the network, or everyday life, but depending on acceptable quality of life.
Jadov V.A. (2001) Rossia: transformirujushcheesja obshchestvo. [Russia: transforming society]. Moscow: Kanon-Press-C. (In Russ.)
Yarskaya V.N., Yarskaya-Smirnova E.R. (2011) Vlast vremeni: sotsialnyye granitsy pamyati. [Time Power: a Social Framework of Memory] Moscow: OOO “Variant”. (In Russ.)
Aleshina M.A. (2013) Sotsialnaya splochennost: kontseptualizatsiya ponyatiya i sotsiokulturnyye realii. [Social cohesion: conceptualisation of the concept and socio-cultural realities]. Moscow: OOO “Variant”. (In Russ.)
Artemov V.A. (2013) Eskiz sotsiologicheskoy kontseptsii sotsialnogo vremeni. Sotsiologicheskiye issledovaniya. No. 11: 3–10. (In Russ.)
Atkinson T., Cantillion B., Marlier E. (2002) Nolan B. Social Indicators – The EU and Social Inclusion. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Babayan I.V. (2011) Sotsialnoye vremya: problema i podkhody. Izvestiya Saratovskogo universiteta. Ser. Sotsiologiya. Politologiya. T. 11. № 2: 45–48. (In Russ.)
Blau P. (1986) Exchange and Power in Social Life. NewYork: Wiley.
Coser L., Coser R. (1990) Time Perspective and Social Structure. In: The Sociology of Time. Edited by J. Hassard. University of Keele: London: Macmillan. P. 191–205.
Diestel R. (2002) Graph Theory, Electronic Edition. New York: Springer-Verlag. In: Teoriya grafov. Per. s angl. – Novosibirsk: Izdatelstvo instituta matematiki. (In Russ.)
Diestel R. (2005) Graph Theory, Electronic Edition. New York: Springer-Verlag.
Domhoff W.G., Cruz S. (2005) U.C. Social Cohesion & the Bohemian Grove. The Power Elite at Summer Camp. Posted April 2005. http://www2.ucsc.edu/ whorulesamerica/ power/bohemian grove.html (accessed 20.04.2016).
Drevnovski Ya., Skott V. (1966) Indeks urovnya zhizni. New-York: AVS, NII sotsialnogo razvitiya OON. (In Russ.)
Durkheim E. (1996) O razdelenii obshchestvennogo truda. Moscow: Kanon. (In Russ.)
Furs V.N. (2002) “Kriticheskaja teorija pozdnego moderna” Entoni Giddensa. Moscow. URL: http://www.nir.ru/ sj/sj/sj1–01furs.html (accessed 20.04.2016). (In Russ.)
Giddens E. (1995) Elementy teorii strukturatsii. In: Sovremennaya sotsialnaya teoriya: Burdye. Giddens. Khabermas. Novosibirsk: Izd. Novosib. un-ta. (In Russ.)
Giddens E. (2005) Ustroyeniye obshchestva. Ocherk teorii strukturatsii. 2-e izd. Moscow: Akademicheskiy Proyekt. (In Russ.)
Giddings F. (2001) Osnovaniya sotsiologii / Per. s angl. N.N. Spirova. Moscow. (In Russ.)
Gofman A.B. (2012) Solidarnost ili pravila. Dyurkgeym ili Khayek? O dvukh formakh sotsialnoy integratsii. In: Sotsiologicheskiy ezhegodnik. Red. N.E. Pokrovskiy. D.V. Efremenko. M.: INION RAN, NIU VshE, P. 97–167. (In Russ.)
Gurvitch G. (1990) The Problem of Time (The Spectrum of Social Time, Dordrecht: 1964). In: The Sociology of Time. Ed. by J. Hassard. University of Keele. London: Macmillan. Р. 171–190.
Hal’bvaks M. (2005) Kollektivnaja i istoricheskaja pamjat’. Neprikosnovennyj zapas. No. 2–3 (40–41): 8–27. URL: http://www.twirpx.com/file/1276774/ (accessed 20.04.2016). (In Russ.)
Hal’bvaks M. (2007) Social’nye ramki pamjati [Social framework of memory] / Per. s fr. S.N. Zenkina. Moscow: Novoe izdatel’stvo. (In Russ.)
Hampton K., Wellman B. (2003) Neighboring in Netville: How the internet supports community and social capital in a wired suburb. City and Community. No. 2(4): 277–311.
Helly D., Robert F. (2003) Barsky et Patricia Foxen. Social Cohesion and Cultural Plurality. URL: http://classiques.uqac.ca/ (accessed 20.04. 2016).
Hilbrich R. (2008) Applicability of Graph Metrics when Analyzing Online Social Networks. Current Issues in IT-Management. January 6, 2008.
Homans G. (1974) Social Behaviour as Exchange. NewYork: Harcourt.
Inkljuzija kak fundamental’nyj princip social’noj bezopasnosti: potencial splochennosti v kontekste modernizacii social’noj politiki Rossii. Goszakaz Minobrnauki RF № gos. Registr. 01201265928. SGTU‑22. 2010–2013, ruk. V. Yarskaya. (In Russ.)
Jejts F.A. (1997) Iskusstvo pamjati. SPb.: Universitetskaja kniga. (In Russ.)
Khairi R., Tantipathananandh Ch., Johnson A., Leigh J., Berger-Wolf T. (2011) Visualizing the Evolution of Community Structures in Dynamic Social Networks. Dept of Computer Science, Uni of Illinois at Chicago, USA Eurographics. IEEE Symposium on Visualization 2011. V. 30, No. 3: 1061–1070.
Korsini R., Aujerbah A. (2006) Shkala social’noj distancii (Bogardus social distancescale). Psihologicheskaja Jenciklopedija. SPb.: Piter. (In Russ.)
Lefebre Ai. (2010) Social’noe prostranstvo [Social space]. Neprikosnovennyj zapas. No. 2 (70). URL: http://magazines.russ.ru/ nz/2010/2 (accessed 20.04.2016). (In Russ.)
Levada J. Pokolenija XX veka: vozmozhnosti issledovanija. (2001) Monitoring obshhestvennogo mnenija. Jekonomicheskie i social’nye peremeny. № 5. URL: http://ecsocman.hse.ru/data/ 507/991/1219/02levada‑7–14.pdf obrashhenie (accessed 20.04. 2016). (In Russ.)
Makarov A.I. (2008) Problema solidarnosti sovremennogo rossijskogo obshhestva v svete teorii kul’turnoj pamjati. Vlast’. No. 10: 45–49. (In Russ.)
Manheim K. (2000) Ocherki sociologii znanija: Problema pokolenij – sostjazatel’nost’ – jekonomicheskie ambicii. Per. s angl. E. Ja. Dodina; Otv. red. L.V. Skvorcov. M.: INION RAN, Ser. Sociologija. (In Russ.)
Milgram S. (1967) The small world problem. Psychology Today. No. 1: 60–67.
Noll’ H.-G., Esping-Andersen G. (2006) Snova na puti k horoshemu obshchestvu? SPERO. № 5: 7–32. (In Russ.)
Nora P. (1999) Problematika mest pamjati [The Problem of Memory Locations] / P. Nora, M. Ozuf, Zh. de Pjuimezh, M. Vinok. Francija-pamjat’. SPb.: Izd. SpbGU. P. 17–50. (In Russ.)
Rikjor P. (2004) Pamjat’, istorija, zabvenie. Francuzskaja filosofija XX veka. Per. s franc. Moscow: Izdatel’stvo gumanitarnoj literatury. (In Russ.)
Ritcer Dzh. (2002) Sovremennye Sociologicheskie Teorii. 5-e izd. Serija “Mastera psihologii”. SPb.: Piter. (In Russ.)
Robertson R. (1995) Glocalization: Time-Space and Homogeneity-Heterogeneity. In: Global Modernities / Ed. By M. Featherstone, S. Lash, R. Robertson. London: Sage. P. 25–44.
Semjonova V. (2011) Travmirovannaja pamjat’ kak resurs formirovanija kollektivnoj identichnosti: sluchaj byvshih afgancev. In: Jarskaya V., Jarskaya-Smirnova E., eds. Vlast’ vremeni: social’nye granicy pamjati. Moscow: OOO “Variant”, CSPGI. P. 63–88 (In Russ.)
Semjonova V.V. (2009) Social’naja dinamika pokolenij: problema i real’nost’ Moscow: ROSSPEN. (In Russ.)
Sen A. (1996) Inequality Reexamined. New York: Harvard University Press.
Shenk F.B. (1998) Koncepcija “lieux de memoire”. Berlin: Svobodnyj universitet. URL: http://www.main.vsu.ru/~cdh/Articles/ 02–11a.htm (accessed 20.04.2016). (In Russ.)
Shubrt I. (2015) Koncepcija social’nogo vremeni v sociologii – perspektivnyj podhod ili teoreticheskij tupik? Sociologicheskie issledovanija. [Sociological studies]. No. 4: 3–11. (In Russ.)
Simmel G. (1993) Teorija Konfliktnogo Funkcionalizma. M.: Academia. (In Russ.)
Sorokin P., Merton R. (1990) Social Time: A Methodological and Functional Analysis. In: The Sociology of Time. Еd. by J. Hassard. New York: St. Martin’s Press. P. 56–66.
Spencer H. The principles of sociology: Vol. 1–3. Transaction Publishers, 2002. Cit. po: Ushkin S.G. Sociologia socialnych setey. Sociologicheskiy zhurnal. 2013. No. 1: 95–96.
Tang J., Musolesi M., Mascolo C., Latora V. (2009) Temporal Distance Metrics for Social Network Analysis. WOSN’09, August 17, 2009. Barcelona, Spain. http://conferences.sigcomm.org/sigcomm/2009/workshops/wosn/papers/p31 (accessed 20.04.2016).
Tett G. (2010) Future funding strategies could prove attest of patriotism. FinancialTimes URL: http: // www.ft.com/ cms/s/0/6e63d044fbf611de9c2900144feab49a.htmln clickcheck Jan. 12, 2010. (accessed 20.04. 2016)
Tjonnis F. (2002) Obshchnost’ i obshchestvo. Osnovnye ponjatija chistoj sociologii. Per. s nem. D.V. Skljadneva. SPb: “Vladimir Dal’”. (In Russ.)
Toshenko Zh.T. (2000) Istoricheskoe soznanie i istoricheskaja pamjat’. Analiz sovremennogo sostojanija. Novaja i novejshaja istorija. No. 4: 3–14 (In Russ.)
Ushkin S.G. (2013) Sociologija social’nyh setej: retrospektivnyj analiz. Sociologicheskij zhurnal. No.1: 94–110.
Varlamis I., Eirinaki M., Louta M. (2010) A study on social network metrics and their application in trust networks in Proc. of the 2010. Berkeley International Conference on Analysis of Social Networks and Mining. August 2010, Odense, Denmark. P. 168–175.
Veber M. (1994) Izbrannoye. Obraz obshchestva / Per. s nem. Moscow: Yurist. (In Russ.)
Vitte L. (2004) Evropeyskaya sotsialnaya model i sotsialnaya splochennost: Kakuyu rol igrayet ES? Evropeyskaya politika. No. 12: 10–17. (In Russ.)
Yarskaja-Smirnova E.R., Pechonkin V.V. 2014. Setevye podhody v analize social’noj splochjonnosti. Vestnik SGTU. No. 1 (77). Tom 4: 249–254. (In Russ.)
Yarskaja-Smirnova V.N., Pechonkin V.V., Reshetnikov D.S. (2014) Vizualizacija setevoj struktury gruppovyh otnoshenij v kontekste analiza social’noj splochjonnosti. Sociologija 4M: metodologija, metody, matematicheskoe modelirovanie. No. 39: 40–61. (In Russ.)
Yarskaya V. (2015) Social Cohesion: the Experience of Regional Studies. Contemporary preoccupations of Social and Human Sciences in the context of mentality transformation. December 11–12th, Chisinau: ULIM. http://www. ulim.md/ (accessed 20.04.2016).
Yarskaya V., Pashinina E., Medvedev K. (2014) Social’naja splochjonnost’ virtual’nyh soobshestv v fokuse kachestvenny metodov onlajn issledovanija. Vestnik SGTU. No. 4 (vypusk 77): 173–281. (In Russ.)
Yarskaya V., Shelahina N. (2015) Special’nye social’nye seti v internete s ogranicheniem pol’zovatel’skogo interfejsa. Vestnik SGTU. No. 2 (79): 126–132. (In Russ.)
Yarskaya V.N. (2013) Metodologija social’noj raboty: diskurs vremeni. Otechestvennyj zhurnal social’noj raboty. No. 1: 74–80. (In Russ.)
Yarskaya V.N. (2015) Teorija temporal’nosti v issledovatel’skoj optike virtual’nyh setej: analiz splochjonnosti. Vestnik SGTU, Vyp. 81. No. 4: 120–128. (In Russ.)
Yarskaya V.N., Jarskaja-Smirnova E.R. (2010) Social’naja splochjonnost’: vybor ideologii i mehanizma realizacii. In: Intelligencija i idealy rossijskogo obshchestva. Sb. statej po mater. XI mezhdunarodnoj teoretiko-metodologicheskoj konferencii. M.: RGGU. P. 150–159. (In Russ.)
Zaslavskaja T. I. (2004) Sovremennoe rossijskoe obshchestvo. Social’nyj mehanizm transformacii. M.: Delo. (In Russ.)