printPolice and society. To be or not to be social partnership?
Mayorov V.I.
Dr. Sci. (Law), Prof., Tyumen State University, Tyumen, Russia 955715@rambler.ru
Dunayeva O.N.
Research Fellow, South Ural State University, National Research University, Chelyabinsk, Russia dunaevaon@gmail.com
Mayorov V.I., Dunayeva O.N. Police and society. To be or not to be social partnership?. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya [Sociological Studies]. 2017. No 4. P. 43-51
The article describes the actual problems of effective police institution building corresponding to requirements of the modern society. Main goal of police is protecting society against illegal infringement and safety ensuring of every citizen. In this regard public assessment is considered one of its main criteria. A high level of public confidence in the police will identify effectiveness of its work. There are two models in the implementation of police functions in the world practice. “The crisis model” of policing implements the repressive approach. “Model of social partnership” in policing realizes cooperation and understanding. The article reviews the history of progressive transition to “a social partnership models” in the advanced countries (USA, EU, Japan). Russia has implemented administrative reform aimed at improving police efficiency since 2011. Public opinion monitoring operates and reflects the level of public satisfaction with the police activity. Major independent sociological centers are engaged in “social audit”. The level of human protection from criminal attacks and the level of confidence in the police are main indicators of police effectiveness. Analysis of the sociological research results (2011–2015) shows moderate dynamics of growth of the confidence in the police and protection of citizens from criminal attacks. Social stereotypes which influence the credibility and image of the police are analyzed. The reasons that slow-down the process of police transition to a process of active preventive effect on crime are analyzed. It also focuses on the lack of legal culture of Russians reflected in the collective consciousness and mentality. Disrespectful attitude to law is implemented in offences. Socio-psychological aspects of corruption and its impact on the citizens’ legal awareness are considered. Analysis of the status and prospects of social partnership between the police and the population in Russia is considered in the context of “community policing” concept and “problem oriented policing” approach. This makes it possible to determine direction, mechanisms and ways of this social process intensification. The authors believe that the legal integration of the society in individual, group and ethnic mentality is the most promising way to control social processes and to successfully implement the concept of social partnership.
Artemov V. M. (2000) Social and cultural orientation of law enforcement bodies. Sociologicheskie issledovaniya [Sociological Studies]. No. 1: 51–55. (In Russ.)
Dinamika ocenok odobreniya i neodobreniya deyatel’nosti obshchestvennyh institutov za poslednie mesyacy 2015g. URL: http://wciom.ru/news/ratings/odobrenie_deyatelnosti_obshchestvennyx_institutov/ (accessed 01.03.2016).
Egoryshev S. V., Egorysheva N. V. (2010) Socialnyj audit organov vnutrennih del: ponyatie i vozmozhnosti [Social audit of internal affairs bodies: the concept and the possibility] Evrazijskij yuridicheskij zhurnal [Eurasian Law Journal]. No. 7: 96–99. (In Russ.)
Gorshkov M. K. (2011) Reformy v zerkale obshchestvennogo mneniya [Reforms in the mirror of public opinion]. Sociologicheskie issledovaniya [Sociological Studies]. No. 10: 3–10. (In Russ.)
Frolova E. V., Medvedeva N. V., Senicheva L. V., Bondaletov V. V. (2015) Zashchishchennost’ grazhdan ot prestupnyh posyagatel’stv v sovremennoj Rossii: osnovnye tendencii i determinanty [Security of citizens from criminal encroachments in modern Russia: Main Trends and Determinants]. Kriminologicheskij zhurnal Bajkal’skogo universiteta ehkonomiki i prava [Russion Journal of Criminology]. No. 3: 525–537. (In Russ.)
Gusev R. G. (2012) Zarubezhnyj opyt razrabotki kriteriev i mekhanizmov ocenki deyatelnosti pravoohranitelnyh organov [Foreign experience in the development of criteria and evaluation of law enforcement mechanisms] Novyj yuridicheskij zhurnal [New Law Journal]. No. 3: 222–227. (In Russ.)
Kamneva E. V., Shirvanov A.A., Annenkova N. V. (2015) Pravovoe regulirovanie lichnoj social’noj otvetstvennosti [Legal regulation of personal social responsibility] Nauchnyj portal MVD Rossii [Scientific portal Ministry of Internal Affairs Russian]. No. 1: 61–66. (In Russ.)
Kirichek E. V. (2013) Pravovoe regulirovanie, osnovnye formy, problemy i perspektivy vzaimodejstviya uchastkovyh upolnomochennyh policii i institutov grazhdanskogo obshchestva v rossijskoj federacii [Legal regulation, basic forms, problems and prospects of interaction precinct police and civil society in the Russian Federation]. Nauchnyj portal MVD Rossii [Scientific portal Ministry of Internal Affairs Russian]. No. 2: 105–111. (In Russ.)
Kiselev A. K. (2009) Kratkij ehkskurs v istoriyu policejskogo obrazovaniya i obucheniya v Evrope [A brief history of police education and training in Europe]. Izvestiya altajskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta [News of Altai State University]. No. 4: 111–114. (In Russ.)
Kiselev A. K. (2012) Obshchestvennost’ i policiya v Evrope: opyt poslednego desyatiletiya [The public and the police in Europe: the experience of the last decade]. Administrativnoe pravo i process [Administrative Law and Procedure]. No. 11: 54–58. (In Russ.)
Kompleksnyj analiz rezul’tatov rabot po izucheniyu obshchestvennogo mneniya ob urovne bezopasnosti lichnosti i deyatel’nosti organov vnutrennih del Rossijskoj Federacii 2012 g. URL: http://vnii–mvd.ru/files/ (accessed 01.03.2016). (In Russ.)
Kompleksnyj analiz rezul’tatov rabot po izucheniyu obshchestvennogo mneniya ob urovne bezopasnosti lichnosti i deyatel’nosti organov vnutrennih del Rossijskoj Federacii v 2014 g. URL: http://vnii–mvd.ru/node/2902 (accessed 01.03.2016). (In Russ.)
Korablev S. E. (2013) Social’no-orientirovannaya strategiya deyatel’nosti policii kak faktor ee professional’noj ehffektivnosti [Socially-oriented policing strategy as a factor in her professional effectiveness]. Vestnik Voronezhskogo instituta MVD Rossii. [Bulletin of Voronezh Institute of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia]. No. 1: 148–155. (In Russ.)
Kostina O. A. 2014 “Otbyvanie nomera” isklyucheno [“Serving Room” possible] Policiya Rossii [Russian Police]. No. 2: 15–17. (In Russ.)
Majorov V. I. (2015) Rol’ policii v obespechenii pravoporyadka [The role of the police in ensuring the rule of law]. Pravoporyadok [Law and Order]. No. 1(4): 95–98. (In Russ.)
Majorov V. I. (2014) Formirovanie partnerstva v deyatel’nosti policii [Forming partnerships in policing]. Vestnik Ural’skogo yuridicheskogo instituta MVD Rossii [Bulletin of the Ural Law Institute of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia]. No. 4: 26–29. (In Russ.)
Mazaev Yu.N.(2004) Role of mass-media in shaping public opinion on militia. Sociologicheskie issledovaniya [Sociological Studies]. No. 2: 106–115. (In Russ.)
Obshchestvennoe mnenie – 2012 URL: http://www.levada.ru/sbornik-obshhestvennoe-mnenie/obshhestvennoe-mnenie‑2012/ (accessed 01.03.2016). (In Russ.)
Odobrenie deyatel’nosti obshchestvennyh institutov 2015. URL: http://wciom.ru/news/ratings/odobrenie_deyatelnosti_obshhestvennyx_ institutov/ (accessed 01.03.2016). (In Russ.)
Osnovnye rezul’taty issledovaniya obshchestvennogo mneniya ob urovne bezopasnosti lichnosti i deyatel’nosti organov vnutrennih del Rossijskoj Federacii v 2013 godu. URL: http://vnii-mvd.ru/node/2444 (accessed 01.03.2016). (In Russ.)
Yakovlev K. L., Yakovleva E.I., Yakovleva O.N. (2011) Gosudarstvenno-pravovye osnovy organizacii pravoohranitel’nyh organov zarubezhnyh stran [State-legal Basis for the Organization of Law Enforcement Bodies of Foreign Countries]. Moscow: INFRA. (In Russ.)
Zhernovoj A. V., Gluhov V. V. (2013) Citizens and police interaction: state and ourlook. Sociologicheskie issledovaniya [Sociological studies]. No. 7: 110–114. (In Russ.)
Zhuravlev A. L., Ushakov D. V., Yurevich A.V. (2013) Perspektivy psihologii v reshenii zadach rossijskogo obshchestva: Na puti k tekhnologiyam soglasovaniya social’nyh institutov i mentaliteta [Psychology Perspectives in solving the problems of the Russian society: On the way to technology harmonization of social institutions and mentality]. Psihologicheskij zhurnal [Psychological Journal]. Vol. 34. No. 6: 5–25. (In Russ.)
Zueva O. V., Vasileva E. N. (2014) Obshchestvennoe mnenie o deyatel’nosti policii: praktika issledovaniya [Public opinion about police work: research practice] Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. [Bulletin of Volgograd State University]. No. 1(21): 52–58. (In Russ.)