printDynamics of Employment in Russia (2018 – mid-2023)
Аnisimov R.I.
Cand. Sci. (Sociol.), Assoc. Prof., Department of Theory and History of Sociology, Russian State University for the Humanities. Moscow, Russia ranisimov@list.ru
Аnisimov R.I. Dynamics of Employment in Russia (2018 – mid-2023). Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya [Sociological Studies]. 2024. No 1. P. 73-84
The article examines the impact of the pandemic and a special military operation on the economic sphere and labor relations in the Russian Federation. The conclusion is made that the Russian economy has successfully adapted to these phenomena. Initial forecasts about the collapse of the economy did not come true; the economic situation is stable. In addition, based on statistical data and the results of sociological research, a decrease in informal employment of Russians is stated. During the pandemic and its beginning, the number of employees working without a contract has not increased, there is an increase in standard employed Russians. There are three main reasons for this process. The first is the reduction of the labor force in Russia, which increases the demand for it and, accordingly, the improvement of labor relations, the second is the actions of the government during the pandemic, aimed primarily at helping officially employed workers and the adoption of the law on the self-employed, the third is the reduction as a result of the pandemic and a special military operation of private small and medium-sized businesses, the main places of work informally employed, reduction of the informal economy and the shadow labor market. These findings force us to reconsider our approaches to the growth of the precariat, the core of which is informally employed wage workers. The number of precarious is growing with a favorable economic situation, growth of economic initiative and non-interference of the state in the economic sphere. In the opposite situation, the number of precarious workers decreases.
Akyulov R.I. (2020) Shadow labor market and economic security of Russia: problems and prospects. Municipalitet: ekonomika i upravlenie [Municipality: Economics and Management]. No. 3(32): 97–106. (In Russ.)
Anisimov R.I. (2021) The Precariat as a New Social Class in the Context of Marxist Theory. Sotsiologicheskiy zhurnal [Sociological Journal]. Vol. 27. No. 1: 10–27. DOI: 10.19181/socjour.2021.27.1.7842. (In Russ.)
Anisimov R.I. (2022) Working hours and social guarantees of the precariat (a comparative analysis). Sotsio‑logicheskie issledovaniya [Sociological Studies]. No. 11: 100–111. DOI: 10.31857/S013216250021071-1. (In Russ.)
Kapoguzov E.A., Chupin R.I. (2022). ”Sanctions 2022“: The impossibility and ban on regulation by the Russian state in a blow. Voprosy regulirovaniya ekonomiki [Journal of Economic Regulation]. No. 13(1): 67–74. DOI: 10.17835/2078-5429.2022.13.1.067-074. (In Russ.)
Labor and employment in Russia. 2019: Statistical book. (2019) Moscow: Rosstat. URL: https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/Trud_2019.pdf (accessed 09.04.2023). (In Russ.)
Labor and employment in Russia. 2021: Statistical book. (2021) Moscow: Rosstat. URL: https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/Trud_2021.pdf (accessed 09.04.2023). (In Russ.)
Labor force, employment and unemployment in Russia (according to the results of sample labor force surveys): Statistical book. (2022) Moscow: Rosstat. URL: https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/Rab_sila_2022.pdf (accessed 09.04.2023). (In Russ.)
Lyashok V.Yu. (2022) Sanctions and Russian Labor Market: The Effect is not Yet Evident. Ekonomicheskoye razvitiye Rossii [Russian economic development]. No. 8(161): 50–55. (In Russ.)
Mkrtchyan N.V., Florinskaya Yu.F. (2021) Migration to Russia: the lowest level in a decade. Ekonomicheskoye razvitiye Rossii. [Russian economic development]. Vol. 28. No. 1: 50–54. (In Russ.)
Russian Statistical Yearbook 2022: Statistical book. (2022) Moscow: Rosstat. URL: https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/Ejegodnik_2022.pdf (accessed 09.04.2023). (In Russ.)
Socio-economic situation of Russia – 2022. (2022) Moscow: Rosstat. URL: https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/osn-11-2022.pdf (accessed 09.04.2023). (In Russ.)
Socio-economic situation of Russia – 2023. (2023) Moscow: Rosstat. https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/osn-05-2023.pdf (accessed 09.06.2023). (In Russ.)
Toschenko Zh., ed. (2020) The emergence of a new class. Moscow: TsSP i M. (In Russ.)
Toschenko Zh., ed. (2021) Precarious employment: origins, criteria, features. Moscow: Ves’ Mir. (In Russ.)
Toschenko Zh., ed. (2022) From precarious employment to precarization of life. Moscow: Ves’ Mir. (In Russ.)
Zudina A.A. (2022) Macro trends in the labor market and the new young proletariat. Sociodigger. Vol. 3. Iss. 10–11(22): 6–23. (In Russ.)